IONCANNON » php http://www.ioncannon.net Thoughts on Software Development and Engineering Tue, 03 Jan 2012 13:59:08 +0000 en hourly 1 Java GIF Adventure http://www.ioncannon.net/php/79/java-gif-adventure/ http://www.ioncannon.net/php/79/java-gif-adventure/#comments Fri, 07 Mar 2008 14:14:29 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/php/79/java-gif-adventure/ I was recently working on a project that generated PNGs using Java from a Java2D canvas. Along the way someone wanted to change the graphics to have transparent backgrounds and because they were needed for display on the web I knew this would become an issue because IE doesn't support transparency in PNGs out of the box. And so my journey started.

I decided to start by making the PNGs I was generating transparent just to verify that it wasn't that difficult to do. It turned out to be very easy. I'm using the standard ImageIO libraries and wanted to stick to using them. Here is an example of making the background of an image transparent:

public class Test
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
  {
    BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(100, 100, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
    Graphics2D canvas = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
    canvas.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);

    canvas.setColor(Color.white);
    canvas.setBackground(Color.white);
    canvas.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER, 0.0f));
    canvas.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);

    canvas.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER, 1.0f));
    canvas.setColor(Color.black);

    canvas.drawLine(10, 10, 20, 20);

    canvas.dispose();

    OutputStream ostream = new FileOutputStream("test.png");
    ImageIO.write(image, "png", ostream);
    ostream.flush();
  }
}

The next thing I did was try to just change the format that was being saved from "png" to "gif" thinking that because I had a recent version of Java 1.5 this might just work. However it appears that writting GIFs is not supported until Java 1.6 so I was out of luck.

As it turns out though I did some more searching and found that there is actually a plugin for GIFs that was made for the ImageIO system. It was very easy to install, just download the jar and put it into the classpath. After that changing "png" to "gif" worked. However, the plugin doesn't support alpha or doesn't support it in the same way as the PNG writer. I then tried to change the transparency around a number of ways but nothing worked and in some cases the GIF generated was broken. The most promising hack I tried was to change the alpha flag on the background color using a BufferedImageOp filter like this:

BufferedImageOp filter = new BufferedImageOp()
    {
      public BufferedImage filter(BufferedImage src, BufferedImage dest)
      {
        if (dest == null)
        {
          dest = createCompatibleDestImage(src, null);
        }

        int width = src.getWidth();
        int height = src.getHeight();

        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
        {
          for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
          {
            if( src.getRGB(x, y) == Color.white.getRGB())
            {
              dest.setRGB(x, y, 0x00FFFFFF & Color.white.getRGB());
            }
          }
        }
        return dest;
      }

      public Rectangle2D getBounds2D(BufferedImage src)
      {
        return src.getRaster().getBounds();
      }

      public BufferedImage createCompatibleDestImage(BufferedImage src, ColorModel destCM)
      {
        if (destCM == null)
        {
          destCM = src.getColorModel();
        }

        int width = src.getWidth();
        int height = src.getHeight();

        return new BufferedImage(destCM, destCM.createCompatibleWritableRaster(width, height), destCM.isAlphaPremultiplied(), null);
      }

      public Point2D getPoint2D(Point2D srcPt, Point2D dstPt)
      {
        if (dstPt == null)
        {
          dstPt = new Point2D.Float();
        }
        dstPt.setLocation(srcPt.getX(), srcPt.getY());
        return dstPt;
      }

      public RenderingHints getRenderingHints()
      {
        return null;
      }
    };

The problem with this approach is that the anti-aliasing caused the borders to stand out. While this was close it also wasn't good enough to use.

In the end I gave up and went back to PNGs. I fixed my issues with IE by using the IE AlphaImageLoader fix.

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/php/79/java-gif-adventure/feed/ 1 Akismet spam graphs with PHP RRD http://www.ioncannon.net/php/113/akismet-spam-graphs-with-php-rrd/ http://www.ioncannon.net/php/113/akismet-spam-graphs-with-php-rrd/#comments Mon, 01 Jan 2007 17:37:33 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/php/113/akismet-spam-graphs-with-php-rrd/ After reading a post on hacking Akismet to add graphs I decided I liked the idea but I didn't want to store the data in a database. It seemed like it would be better to store it using a RRD and then use the PHP RRD library. So after a little hacking I've created a version that does basically the same thing except uses a RRD.

A good place to start is the PHP RRDTool tutorial. It will make it easier to read the following code if you have an idea of how to use the RRDTool extension.

All of the following changes should be made in the plugins/akismet directory.

The first part of the code is akismet_rrd.php that adds a utility function for updating the RRD file. It will create the file if it doesn't already exist. To gather the stats on incoming spam it uses a timestamp of the last time it ran and then queries WordPress's comment table for anything marked as spam in increments that match the step used to set up the RRD. The update function can be called in a number of locations but the most efficient seems to be right before any deletes happen.

<?php
define('AKISMET_RRD_FILE', ABSPATH . 'wp-content/plugins/' . dirname(plugin_basename(__FILE__)) . '/akismet.rrd');
define('AKISMET_RRD_TS', 300);

function akismet_update_rrd()
{
  $last_update = get_option( 'akismet_stat_last_update' );

  $current_time = strtotime(current_time('mysql', 1));
  if($last_update == 0)
  {
    $last_update = $current_time - (AKISMET_RRD_TS * 200);
  }

  $time_diff = $current_time - $last_update;
  if( $time_diff > AKISMET_RRD_TS )
  {
    update_option( 'akismet_stat_last_update', ($current_time - (($time_diff - AKISMET_RRD_TS) % AKISMET_RRD_TS)) );

    akismet_create_rrd();

    global $wpdb;

    while( $last_update < $current_time - AKISMET_RRD_TS )
    {
      $data = $wpdb->get_row("SELECT COUNT(1) as spam_count FROM $wpdb->comments WHERE comment_date_gmt BETWEEN FROM_UNIXTIME(" . $last_update . ") AND FROM_UNIXTIME(" . ($last_update + AKISMET_RRD_TS) . ") AND comment_approved = 'spam'");
      $spam_count = 0;
      if($data)
      {
        $spam_count = $data->spam_count;
      }

      rrd_update(AKISMET_RRD_FILE, ($last_update + (get_settings('gmt_offset') * 3600)) . ":$spam_count");

      $last_update += AKISMET_RRD_TS;
    }
  }
}

function akismet_create_rrd()
{
  if( !file_exists(AKISMET_RRD_FILE) )
  {
    $opts = array( "–step", AKISMET_RRD_TS, "–start", 0,
       "DS:input:ABSOLUTE:600:0:100000",
       "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:600",
       "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:6:700",
       "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:24:775",
       "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:288:797",
       "RRA:MAX:0.5:1:600",
       "RRA:MAX:0.5:6:700",
       "RRA:MAX:0.5:24:775",
       "RRA:MAX:0.5:288:797"
    );

    rrd_create(AKISMET_RRD_FILE, $opts, count($opts));
  }
}

?>

The next step is the code to create graphs from the RRD in the file akismet_graph.php. This code registers the menu for WordPress in the Dashboard area and when displayed will generate the graphs for a day, month and year.

<?php
include_once ("akismet_rrd.php");

define('AKISMET_GRAPH_DIR', ABSPATH . 'wp-content/plugins/' . dirname(plugin_basename(__FILE__)) . '/');

add_action('activity_box_end', 'akismet_stats');

function wp_akstat_add_pages() {
        if (function_exists('add_submenu_page'))
                add_submenu_page('index.php', 'Akismet Graphs', 'Akismet Graphs', 1, __FILE__, displayit);
}
add_action('admin_menu', 'wp_akstat_add_pages');

function displayit()
{
akismet_update_rrd();

$opts = array( "–start", "-1d", "–title=Hourly Spam Graph",
               "DEF:inspams=" . AKISMET_RRD_FILE .":input:AVERAGE",
               "CDEF:hr=inspams,720,*",
               "LINE2:hr#00FF00:Spams/Hour",
               "COMMENT:\\n",
               "GPRINT:hr:AVERAGE:Avg Spams/Hour\: %6.2lf",
               "COMMENT:  ",
               "GPRINT:hr:MAX:Max Spams/Hour\: %6.2lf\\r"
             );

rrd_graph(AKISMET_GRAPH_DIR . "akismet_1d.gif", $opts, count($opts));

$opts = array( "–start", "-1m", "–title=Daily Spam Graph",
               "DEF:inspams=" . AKISMET_RRD_FILE .":input:AVERAGE",
               "CDEF:dy=inspams,8640,*",
               "LINE2:dy#00FF00:Spams/Day",
               "COMMENT:\\n",
               "GPRINT:dy:AVERAGE:Avg Spams/Day\: %6.2lf",
               "COMMENT:  ",
               "GPRINT:dy:MAX:Max Spams/Day\: %6.2lf\\r"
             );

rrd_graph(AKISMET_GRAPH_DIR . "akismet_1m.gif", $opts, count($opts));

$opts = array( "–start", "-1y", "–title=Monthly Spam Graph",
               "DEF:inspams=" . AKISMET_RRD_FILE .":input:AVERAGE",
               "CDEF:dy=inspams,8640,*",
               "LINE2:dy#00FF00:Spams/Day",
               "COMMENT:\\n",
               "GPRINT:dy:AVERAGE:Avg Spams/Day\: %6.2lf",
               "COMMENT:  ",
               "GPRINT:dy:MAX:Max Spams/Day\: %6.2lf\\r"
             );

rrd_graph(AKISMET_GRAPH_DIR . "akismet_1y.gif", $opts, count($opts));

$img_loc = "/wp-content/plugins/" . dirname(plugin_basename(__FILE__)) . "/";
?>

<div style="text-align:center; padding: 5px;">
<img src="<?php echo $img_loc ?>akismet_1d.gif"/> <br/>
<img src="<?php echo $img_loc ?>akismet_1m.gif"/> <br/>
<img src="<?php echo $img_loc ?>akismet_1y.gif"/> <br/>
</div>

<?php
}
?>

The final step is to make some changes to akismet.php to add the update functionality.

Put this at the top:

include_once ("akismet_rrd.php");
include('akismet_graph.php');

Every place you find "DELETE FROM" add the following before it:

akismet_update_rrd();

And finally here is what you will end up with after a few days:






One downside to the way this setup works is that you can miss some data if you delete quicker than the step time. I figured that was ok since the graphs are averages, the step is only 5 minutes and most people probably don't purge their spam that quickly.

Tags: , ,

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/php/113/akismet-spam-graphs-with-php-rrd/feed/ 1 Using Flash video metadata to display annotations http://www.ioncannon.net/php/110/using-flash-video-metadata-to-display-annotations/ http://www.ioncannon.net/php/110/using-flash-video-metadata-to-display-annotations/#comments Sat, 09 Dec 2006 19:58:30 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/php/110/using-flash-video-metadata-to-display-annotations/ Now that you can create a streaming Flash video player with PHP or Ruby and you know add metadata for cuepoints to Flash videos you are ready for something else. The following code will show you how to create a video player with PHP that will watch for metadata events and display annotations contained inside the metadata either over the video itself or in a div on the same page as the movie.

The first steps are to create your Flash video if you haven't already and then add the metadata to it. See my post on adding cuepoint metadata with flvtool2 if you want to know more on how to create the Flash video and add the metadata. I'm using the same video from that post but a different set of metadata.

Here is the metadata I've added to the video for the following examples:

<tags>
    <metatag event="onCuePoint" overwrite="true">
        <name>Cue Point 1</name>
        <timestamp>4000</timestamp>
        <parameters>
            <mydata>Some data 1</mydata>
        </parameters>
        <type>event</type>
    </metatag>
    <metatag event="onCuePoint" overwrite="true">
        <name>Cue Point 2</name>
        <timestamp>8000</timestamp>
        <parameters>
            <mydata>Some data 2</mydata>
        </parameters>
        <type>event</type>
    </metatag>
    <metatag event="onCuePoint" overwrite="true">
        <name>Cue Point 3</name>
        <timestamp>12000</timestamp>
        <parameters>
            <mydata>Some data 3</mydata>
        </parameters>
        <type>event</type>
    </metatag>
    <metatag event="onCuePoint" overwrite="true">
        <name>Cue Point 4</name>
        <timestamp>16000</timestamp>
        <parameters>
            <mydata>Some data 4</mydata>
        </parameters>
        <type>event</type>
    </metatag>
</tags>

The main thing to notice here is that the type for each metatag is event and in the parameters list there is a tag called mydata that contains some text. The text inside mydata is what we will be using for annotations. This tag can be called anything you like and you can have more than one.

I am using icons from the famfamfam silk collection in the following examples. You will want to download them before trying these examples.

wget http://www.famfamfam.com/lab/icons/silk/icons/control_pause.png
wget http://www.famfamfam.com/lab/icons/silk/icons/control_pause_blue.png
wget http://www.famfamfam.com/lab/icons/silk/icons/control_start.png
wget http://www.famfamfam.com/lab/icons/silk/icons/control_start_blue.png
wget http://www.famfamfam.com/lab/icons/silk/icons/control_play.png
wget http://www.famfamfam.com/lab/icons/silk/icons/control_play_blue.png

The first example will display the annotation over the video itself. Here is the PHP code for generating the Flash player to display the annotations:

<?php
function createImage($img)
{
  $shape = new SWFShape();
  $shape->setRightFill($shape->addFill(new SWFBitmap(fopen($img, "rb"))));
  $shape->drawLine(16,0);
  $shape->drawLine(0,16);
  $shape->drawLine(-16,0);
  $shape->drawLine(0,-16);
  return $shape;
}

function createButton($movie, $name, $loc, $script)
{
  $button = new SWFButton();
  $button->addShape(createImage("control_" . $name . ".png"), SWFBUTTON_UP);
  $button->addShape(createImage("control_" . $name . "_blue.png"), SWFBUTTON_DOWN | SWFBUTTON_HIT | SWFBUTTON_OVER);
  $button->addAction(new SWFAction($script), SWFBUTTON_HIT);
  $item=$movie->add($button);
  $item->moveto($loc,248);
}

Ming_setScale(20.0000000);
ming_useswfversion(7);

$movie = new SWFMovie(7);
$movie->setDimension(320,270); // width x height
$movie->setBackground(0×33,0×33,0×33);
$movie->setRate(8);

createButton($movie, "start", 10, "_root.videoStream.seek(0);");
createButton($movie, "pause", 40, "_root.videoStream.pause(true);");
createButton($movie, "play", 70, "_root.videoStream.pause(false);");

$strAction = "
this.createTextField('video_txt', 999, 0, 0, 100, 100);
video_txt.autoSize = 'left';
video_txt.multiline = true;
video_txt.textColor = 0xeeeeee;

stop();
nc=new NetConnection();
nc.connect(null);
videoStream=new NetStream(nc);
videoStreamItem.attachVideo(videoStream);
videoStream.setBufferTime(10);
videoStream.play('http://localhost/test.flv');
videoStream.pause();

videoStream.onCuePoint = function(infoObject)
{
  video_txt.text = 'Name: ' + infoObject.name + '\n';
  if( infoObject.parameters != undefined )
  {
    video_txt.text += 'Info: ' + infoObject.parameters['mydata'] + '\n';
  }
  else
  {
    video_txt.text += 'Info: undef\n';
  }
};
";

$stream = new SWFVideoStream();
$stream->setDimension(320, 240);
$item=$movie->add($stream);
$item->setName("videoStreamItem");
$movie->add(new SWFAction($strAction));

$movie->nextFrame();

$movie->save("test.swf");
?>

The following part of the above PHP is what connects the cuepoints to the overlay text. Notice the use of the mydata tag. The tag data is available in the parameters hash:

videoStream.onCuePoint = function(infoObject)
{
  video_txt.text = 'Name: ' + infoObject.name + '\n';
  if( infoObject.parameters != undefined )
  {
    video_txt.text += 'Info: ' + infoObject.parameters['mydata'] + '\n';
  }
  else
  {
    video_txt.text += 'Info: undef\n';
  }
};

Here is the result (hit the play button to start the video):

The following examples is the same as the above example except that it uses a javascript call to display the annotation data in a div on the page:

<?php
function createImage($img)
{
  $shape = new SWFShape();
  $shape->setRightFill($shape->addFill(new SWFBitmap(fopen($img, "rb"))));
  $shape->drawLine(16,0);
  $shape->drawLine(0,16);
  $shape->drawLine(-16,0);
  $shape->drawLine(0,-16);
  return $shape;
}

function createButton($movie, $name, $loc, $script)
{
  $button = new SWFButton();
  $button->addShape(createImage("control_" . $name . ".png"), SWFBUTTON_UP);
  $button->addShape(createImage("control_" . $name . "_blue.png"), SWFBUTTON_DOWN | SWFBUTTON_HIT | SWFBUTTON_OVER);
  $button->addAction(new SWFAction($script), SWFBUTTON_HIT);
  $item=$movie->add($button);
  $item->moveto($loc,248);
}

Ming_setScale(20.0000000);
ming_useswfversion(7);

$movie = new SWFMovie(7);
$movie->setDimension(320,270); // width x height
$movie->setBackground(0×33,0×33,0×33);
$movie->setRate(8);

createButton($movie, "start", 10, "_root.videoStream.seek(0);");
createButton($movie, "pause", 40, "_root.videoStream.pause(true);");
createButton($movie, "play", 70, "_root.videoStream.pause(false);");

$strAction = "
this.createTextField('video_txt', 999, 0, 0, 100, 100);
video_txt.autoSize = 'left';
video_txt.multiline = true;
video_txt.textColor = 0xeeeeee;

stop();
nc=new NetConnection();
nc.connect(null);
videoStream=new NetStream(nc);
videoStreamItem.attachVideo(videoStream);
videoStream.setBufferTime(10);
videoStream.play('http://localhost/test.flv');
videoStream.pause();

videoStream.onCuePoint = function(infoObject)
{
  if( infoObject.parameters != undefined )
  {
    geturl('javascript:aTestCall(\" + infoObject.parameters['mydata'] + '\')');
  }
};
";

$stream = new SWFVideoStream();
$stream->setDimension(320, 240);
$item=$movie->add($stream);
$item->setName("videoStreamItem");
$movie->add(new SWFAction($strAction));

$movie->nextFrame();

$movie->save("test.swf");
?>

This javascript will display the data in the div (note that this won't work for all browsers, I'm just making it simple):

function aTestCall(data)
  {
    document.getElementById("infoDisplayArea").innerHTML = data;
  }

This is how you would set up the div to display the data:

<div id="infoDisplayArea" style="border: solid 1px #000; padding: 5px 5px 5px 5px; width: 50%;">
No data yet…
</div>

Here is the result (hit the play button to start the video):

No data yet…

Keep an eye on the above box while the video is playing to see the annotations.

Tags: ,

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/php/110/using-flash-video-metadata-to-display-annotations/feed/ 6 How to Create a Streaming Flash Video Player Using Ming PHP or Ruby http://www.ioncannon.net/ruby/108/flash-video-steam-ming-php-ruby/ http://www.ioncannon.net/ruby/108/flash-video-steam-ming-php-ruby/#comments Wed, 29 Nov 2006 19:52:32 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/ruby/108/flash-video-steam-ming-php-ruby/ I mentioned in creating Flash videos using FFMpeg that you could use Ming to create your own Flash video player. I've added a patch to the ruby -ming extension for video streaming so now it is possible to create a streaming player with both PHP and Ruby using their Ming extensions. The following examples show you how.

First a little background. You can read about playing back external FLV files dynamically with actionscript at the Macromedia website. It includes references to the NetConnect class and NetStream class that together let you stream a FLV file. The main thing Ming does for you in the following simple examples is give you a SWF with a video player in it and let you attach some action script to it.

Here is how you do it in PHP:

<?php
Ming_setScale(10.0000000);
ming_useswfversion(7);

$movie = new SWFMovie(7);
$movie->setDimension(320,240);
$movie->setBackground(0×33,0×33,0×33);
$movie->setRate(8);

$strAction = "
stop();
netConn=new NetConnection();
netConn.connect(null);
vStream=new NetStream(netConn);
video1.attachVideo(vStream);
vStream.setBufferTime(10);
vStream.play('http://localhost/test.flv');
";

$stream = new SWFVideoStream();
$item=$movie->add($stream);
$item->setname("video1");
$movie->add(new SWFAction($strAction));
$movie->nextFrame();

$movie->save("videostream.swf");
?>

And here is how you do it with Ruby:

#!/usr/bin/env ruby

require 'ming/ming'
include Ming

Ming::set_scale(10.0000000)

movie = SWFMovie.new(7)
movie.set_background(0xff, 0xff, 0xff)
movie.set_dimension(320, 240)
movie.set_rate(8)

strAction = '
stop();
netConn=new NetConnection();
netConn.connect(null);
vStream=new NetStream(netConn);
video1.attachVideo(vStream);
vStream.setBufferTime(10);
vStream.play(\'http://localhost/test.flv\');
'

vstream = SWFVideoStream.new
item = movie.add(vstream)

item.set_name("video1")
movie.add(SWFAction.new(strAction))
movie.next_frame()

movie.save("videostream.swf")

Here is the result of the above examples:

Tags: , , ,

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/ruby/108/flash-video-steam-ming-php-ruby/feed/ 4 PHP ImageMagick MagickWand Examples http://www.ioncannon.net/php/61/php-imagemagick-magickwand-examples/ http://www.ioncannon.net/php/61/php-imagemagick-magickwand-examples/#comments Thu, 23 Nov 2006 14:11:16 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/php/61/php-imagemagick-magickwand-examples/ A while back I explained how to compile the ImageMagick extension for PHP and this past week I got around to creating some example code to make some of the command line examples I have in ImageMagick command line examples part 1 and ImageMagick command line examples part 2.

The first step of course is to make sure the MagickWand extension is installed. You will want to verify that it is listed in a phpinfo() call before trying any of these examples. After verifying that you have the extension installed you might want to read an introduction to using MagickWand before looking at these examples. And of course you will want to know where the MagickWand reference documentation is once you are ready to try more.

For more information on the options used in these examples it is best to look at their corresponding command line example.

Example 1: Simple Annotate

<?php

// convert flower.jpg -font courier -fill white -pointsize 20 -annotate +50+50 Flower flower_annotate1.jpg

$resource = NewMagickWand();
$dwand = NewDrawingWand();
$pwand = NewPixelWand();

PixelSetColor($pwand, "white");
DrawSetFont($dwand, "/usr/share/fonts/default/TrueType/cour.ttf");
DrawSetFontSize($dwand, 20);
DrawSetFillColor($dwand, $pwand);

MagickReadImage( $resource, 'small_flower.jpg' );

if( MagickAnnotateImage( $resource, $dwand, 0, 0, 0, "Flower" ) )
{
  header( 'Content-Type: image/gif' );
  MagickEchoImageBlob( $resource );
}
else
{
  echo MagickGetExceptionString($resource);
}

?>

One note on the above is that I needed to specify the exact location of the font to get it to show up. I believe this isn't always needed but if you try to leave it out and nothing shows up you should try specifying the full path to the font.

Example 2: Complex Annotate

<?php

// convert flower.jpg -fill white -box "#00770080" -gravity South -pointsize 20 -annotate +0+5 "   Flower  " flower_annotate2.jpg

$resource = NewMagickWand();
$dwand = NewDrawingWand();
$pwand = NewPixelWand();

PixelSetColor($pwand, "white");
DrawSetFont($dwand, "/usr/share/fonts/default/TrueType/cour.ttf");
DrawSetFontSize($dwand, 20);
DrawSetFillColor($dwand, $pwand);

DrawSetGravity($dwand, MW_SouthGravity);

MagickReadImage( $resource, 'small_flower.jpg' );

if( MagickAnnotateImage( $resource, $dwand, 0, 0, 0, "Flower" ) )
{
  header( 'Content-Type: image/gif' );
  MagickEchoImageBlob( $resource );
}
else
{
  echo MagickGetExceptionString($resource);
}

?>

Example 3: Crop an Area

<?php

// convert flower.jpg -crop 128×128+50+50 flower_crop.jpg

$resource = NewMagickWand();

MagickReadImage( $resource, 'small_flower.jpg' );

if( MagickCropImage( $resource, 128, 128, 50, 50 ) )
{
  header( 'Content-Type: image/gif' );
  MagickEchoImageBlob( $resource );
}
else
{
  echo MagickGetExceptionString($resource);
}

?>

Example 4: Rotate

<?php

// convert flower.jpg -rotate 45 flower_rotate45.jpg

$resource = NewMagickWand();
MagickReadImage( $resource, 'small_flower.jpg' );

MagickRotateImage( $resource, null, 45 );

header( 'Content-Type: image/gif' );
MagickEchoImageBlob( $resource );

?>

Example 5: Resize

<?php

// convert flower_original.jpg -resize 640×480 flower.jpg

$resource = NewMagickWand();
MagickReadImage( $resource, 'small_flower.jpg' );

MagickResizeImage( $resource, 100, 100, MW_QuadraticFilter, 1.0 );

header( 'Content-Type: image/gif' );
MagickEchoImageBlob( $resource );

?>

Example 6: Apply Resharp Filter

<?php

// convert flower.jpg -unsharp 1.5×1.0+1.5+0.02 flower_unsharp.jpg

$resource = NewMagickWand();
MagickReadImage( $resource, 'small_flower.jpg' );

MagickUnsharpMaskImage( $resource, 1.5, 1.0, 1.5, 0.02 );

header( 'Content-Type: image/gif' );
MagickEchoImageBlob( $resource );

?>

Example 7: Compress JPG

<?php

// convert flower.jpg -quality 80% flower_quality.jpg

$resource = NewMagickWand();
MagickReadImage( $resource, 'small_flower.jpg' );

MagickSetFormat($resource, 'JPG');
MagickSetImageCompression($resource, MW_JPEGCompression);
MagickSetImageCompressionQuality($resource, 80.0);

header( 'Content-Type: image/gif' );
MagickEchoImageBlob( $resource );

?>

Tags: , ,

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/php/61/php-imagemagick-magickwand-examples/feed/ 2 How to compile ImageMagick for PHP by hand http://www.ioncannon.net/php/75/how-to-compile-imagemagick-for-php-by-hand/ http://www.ioncannon.net/php/75/how-to-compile-imagemagick-for-php-by-hand/#comments Wed, 01 Nov 2006 00:33:34 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/php/75/how-to-compile-imagemagick-for-php-by-hand/ Some time ago I was looking at how to re-size uploaded images in a way that looks good using PHP. I was impressed that when I uploaded a 4M picture to flickr it managed to re-size and compress it into a smaller version that looked correct. I knew they weren't just resizing it so I went on a quest to find out what it took to do the same thing with PHP. The following is step one in that process.

My goal was to be able to convert a large image into a smaller one and have it look decent. I tried a few different approaches directly in PHP before I decided to see just how hard it was to do with a command line tool. I found that I could re-size and enhance a photos in a way that made them look pretty good using ImageMagick's re-size and sharpen (for more on doing this on the command line see my ImageMagick command line examples).

At this point I started looking into how to translate what I did on the command line into PHP. The first step was to get access to the ImageMagick libraries into PHP. The first step was to get MagickWand for PHP installed so that I could call the ImageMagick functions with PHP. There are a few other ways of calling ImageMagick out there but they all involved system calls to the convert command and I would rather use library calls. Here are the steps you need to get the MagicKWand extension installed:

  1. Install ImageMagick either from source or a binary. In my case I'm running fedora so I just installed it with yum.
  2. Download the MagickWand extension for PHP.
  3. Go to your PHP source directory and find the ext directory under it. In the ext directory expand the extension.
  4. Change directories into the magickwand directory under ext and run phpize.
  5. Change back to the root PHP source directory and remove the current configuration file: rm -f ./configure
  6. In the root PHP source directory run ./buildconf –force to rebuild the configuration script
  7. You can verify the configuration file was created correctly by looking for magickwand in the new configure script: grep magickwand configure
  8. Now reconfigure your PHP. Use the flag –with-magickwand= to enable MagickWand. For me the directory to ImageMagick was /usr
  9. Now you can recompile PHP and reinstall it. You should find MagickWand listed in a phpinfo() once it is compiled in correctly.

Next time I will go into how to use PHP to do some of the tricks you can do with ImageMagick on the command line.

Tags: ,

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/php/75/how-to-compile-imagemagick-for-php-by-hand/feed/ 3 Lighty XCache for PHP http://www.ioncannon.net/php/96/lighty-xcache-for-php/ http://www.ioncannon.net/php/96/lighty-xcache-for-php/#comments Tue, 19 Sep 2006 01:50:17 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/php/96/lighty-xcache-for-php/ I noticed Lighty XCache when it came out a few months ago. I like EAccelerator myself but now there is an admin console for XCache that looks pretty nice.

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/php/96/lighty-xcache-for-php/feed/ 0 How to map URLs with PHP and lighttpd http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/95/how-to-map-urls-with-php-and-lighttpd/ http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/95/how-to-map-urls-with-php-and-lighttpd/#comments Tue, 22 Aug 2006 18:52:00 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/95/how-to-map-urls-with-php-and-lighttpd/ On a number of occasions I've wanted to map a section of a site hosted with lighttpd onto a single PHP file that could then be used as a controller. Here is how I go about doing it.

The first part is to re-write the given part of the site to the PHP file you want to be the controller. Add the following to your configuration file:

url.rewrite = (
        "^/(.*)" => "/controller.php"
  )

You can then start with a simple example to see where you will get your URL information from:

<?php
echo $_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"];
?>

The $_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"] value will be the requested URI. You can now break it up into multiple parts with explode:

<?php
$urlParts = explode("/", $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
echo $urlParts[1];
?>

At this point you have an array of the URI parts and can map those however you want using PHP.

Tags: ,

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/95/how-to-map-urls-with-php-and-lighttpd/feed/ 0 PHP RRDTool tutorial http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/59/php-rrdtool-tutorial/ http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/59/php-rrdtool-tutorial/#comments Tue, 18 Jul 2006 22:03:47 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/59/php-rrdtool-tutorial/ On a number of occasions I've used RRDTool to graph network traffic and the like. A few years ago when I started using cacti I started wondering how to make the graphs myself. Creating the graphs on the command line isn't that hard once you know how to set things up and it turns out doing the same in PHP is just as easy.

For this tutorial I'm going to assume you understand how to get RRDTool installed and working from the command line. If not you should take a look at this tutorial (if you are in a hurry look at the "A Real World Example" section) or any of the tutorials on this page.

Setup and introduction

You need to have PHP compiled with RRDTool support to run the following PHP examples. If you compile PHP by hand then see: how to build the php rrdtool extension by hand. If you are using a distribution's pre-compiled PHP binary you should be able to install a second package with RRDTool support. You can verify that your PHP install is ready to go by running this:

<?php
phpinfo(INFO_MODULES);
?>

Then search for "rrdtool" in the output and make sure that "rrdtool support" is enabled.

While going through each of the following steps you will notice that each call takes a couple of parameters and then one parameter that is just a string of options. The string of options is exactly how it is for generating/updating/graphing RRDs from the command line. This makes for a consistent interface for the different languages that have RRDTool support.

Creating a RRD

We first need to create a database for our data. For these examples I will be creating a database that could be used for generating network graphs. This database is created for updates every 5 minutes (300 seconds), has input and output counters that store data for the average and max counts and stores enough samples for hourly, daily, monthly and yearly graphs of both average and max.

<?php

  $fname = "net.rrd";

  $opts = array( "–step", "300", "–start", 0,
           "DS:input:COUNTER:600:U:U",
           "DS:output:COUNTER:600:U:U",
           "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:600",
           "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:6:700",
           "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:24:775",
           "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:288:797",
           "RRA:MAX:0.5:1:600",
           "RRA:MAX:0.5:6:700",
           "RRA:MAX:0.5:24:775",
           "RRA:MAX:0.5:288:797"
        );

  $ret = rrd_create($fname, $opts, count($opts));

  if( $ret == 0 )
  {
    $err = rrd_error();
    echo "Create error: $err\n";
  }
?>

After running you will have a file called net.rrd in the current directory. This is your RRD and will contain all the samples for your graphs.

For more information on the options to rrd_create see: rrdcreate

Updating a RRD

The next step is to update your RRD on the frequency you set when you created it. In the case above the frequency was set to 5 minutes (300 seconds). The following script generates random input and output values as input to the update function, sleeps for 300 seconds and then loops.

<?php

  $fname = "net.rrd";

  $total_input_traffic = 0;
  $total_output_traffic = 0;

  while(true)
  {
    $total_input_traffic += rand(10000, 15000);
    $total_output_traffic += rand(10000, 30000);

    echo time() . ": " . $total_input_traffic . " and " . $total_output_traffic . "\n";

    $ret = rrd_update($fname, "N:$total_input_traffic:$total_output_traffic");

    if( $ret == 0 )
    {
      $err = rrd_error();
      echo "ERROR occurred: $err\n";
    }

    sleep(300);
  }
?>

Your input and output values could be pulled from anywhere here, I just wanted to have a source that would work for anyone who wanted to try the script.

After letting this script run for a few hours you can run the following shell script to see what type of data you have collected so far:

For more information on the options to rrd_update here: rrdupdate

#!/bin/sh
END=`date +%s`
START=`echo $END-3600|bc` # over the hour
rrdtool fetch net.rrd AVERAGE –start $START –end $END

That should display the average sample values for the last hour.

Displaying RRD data as a graph

Now that you have data in your RRD you will want to graph it. The following code will graph the average input and output for 1 day as well as the max for that day.

<?php

  $opts = array( "–start", "-1d", "–vertical-label=B/s",
                 "DEF:inoctets=net.rrd:input:AVERAGE",
                 "DEF:outoctets=net.rrd:output:AVERAGE",
                 "AREA:inoctets#00FF00:In traffic",
                 "LINE1:outoctets#0000FF:Out traffic\\r",
                 "CDEF:inbits=inoctets,8,*",
                 "CDEF:outbits=outoctets,8,*",
                 "COMMENT:\\n",
                 "GPRINT:inbits:AVERAGE:Avg In traffic\: %6.2lf %Sbps",
                 "COMMENT:  ",
                 "GPRINT:inbits:MAX:Max In traffic\: %6.2lf %Sbps\\r",
                 "GPRINT:outbits:AVERAGE:Avg Out traffic\: %6.2lf %Sbps",
                 "COMMENT: ",
                 "GPRINT:outbits:MAX:Max Out traffic\: %6.2lf %Sbps\\r"
               );

  $ret = rrd_graph("net_1d.gif", $opts, count($opts));

  if( !is_array($ret) )
  {
    $err = rrd_error();
    echo "rrd_graph() ERROR: $err\n";
  }
?>

You should end up with a file named net_1d.gif in your working directory that looks something like:

You can also do weekly and monthly graphs by changing the start parameter to -1w or -1m:




For the impatient you can download my net.rrd file and try the graphs for yourself.

See the other tutorials for more information on the options you have for graphing.

For more information on the options to rrd_graph see: rrdgraph

Tags: , ,

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/59/php-rrdtool-tutorial/feed/ 23 How to build the PHP rrdtool extension by hand http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/25/how-to-build-the-php-rrdtool-extension-by-hand/ http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/25/how-to-build-the-php-rrdtool-extension-by-hand/#comments Tue, 09 May 2006 16:17:28 +0000 carson http://www.ioncannon.net/uncategorized/25/how-to-build-the-php-rrdtool-extension-by-hand/ I think by now most sysadmin types know about rrdtool and the nice graphs it makes. I recently wanted to create some graphs by hand using PHP so I turned to the php-rrdtool extension. I found that it takes a little work to get it to compile but that could be because I'm not constantly recompiling PHP and just don't know better. You can get this module as an rpm for fedora (php-rrdtool) but I like to compile php by hand so I couldn't use it. I'm going to assume that you know how to compile PHP normally with whatever other items you want to include and that you have the rrdtool development libraries installed or have compiled and installed rrdtool from source.

Step 1. Get the PHP rrdtool source

Go to the contrib directory on the rrdtool distribution site:
http://people.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/rrdtool/pub/contrib/

There are a number of files in this directory that mention rrd. You want the one named: php_rrdtool.tgz

Step 2. Untar into the correct place

Now that you have the source go into your php source directory and then into the ext directory. So you will be somewhere like this:

/usr/local/src/php-5.1.3/ext/

Now untar the source into this directory.

Step 3. Recreate the php configuration file

There is a warning that you will get if you do not have autoconf 2.13 installed on your system when you try to do this. It is easy enough to get this version if you have fedora so that is what I did.

One tricky part to this is that I had to remove the old configuration file first before the new one could be created.

  1. Change directory to your PHP source, if you are still in the ext directory just cd ..
  2. Remove the existing configuration file
  3. If you are using autoconf 2.13 run the following command:
    PHP_AUTOCONF=autoconf-2.13 ./buildconf –force
    If you are using whatever other autoconf you have installed just run:
    ./buildconf –force
  4. You should now have a new configuration file that can be run with the –with-rrdtool option

Step 4. Test

After compiling with rrdtool you should be able to use the phpinfo() function to list the installed extensions. If everything went right you should see rrdtool listed.

Tags: ,

]]> http://www.ioncannon.net/system-administration/25/how-to-build-the-php-rrdtool-extension-by-hand/feed/ 15